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| Somerton Castle ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Somerton Castle
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Somerton Castle is located approximately one mile west of the village of Boothby Graffoe in Lincolnshire, England and to the south of the city of Lincoln, England. The site is on low-lying land between the Lincoln Edge and the River Trent. Although Somerton Castle is in the parish of Boothby Graffoe, it is in the Manor of Waddington and this portion is often referred to as the ''Manor of Somerton Castle''. Antony Bek probably built the castle in 1281 and he gave it to King Edward II in 1309. King John II of France was imprisoned at Somerton Castle between 1359 and 1360, having been taken prisoner after the Battle of Poitiers. It continued as crown property until it was sold by Charles I in 1628, since when the castle has continued in private ownership.〔"Colvin" (1963), 838-9〕
==Medieval History==
Antony Bek inherited Somerton from his mother, Eva de Gray, and built the castle after being granted granted a licence to crenellate in 1281.〔"Colvin" (1963), 838. 〕 In 1309 Bek gave the castle as a gift to King Edward II. The castle was found to be in poor condition at the accession of King Edward II, lead had been stolen from the towers and the great hall and the chapel, which were on the west side of the castle were in poor repair. In 1334 John Crabbe, a military engineer was appointed Constable of the Castle and in autumn of that year King Edward visited the castle, presumably to authorise repair work. A total of £222 was spent during the next two years on rebuilding the outer drawbridge and remaking part of the moat- presumably this was the time when the outer bailey to the south of the castle was constructed. 〔"Colvin" (1963), 838. 〕 After Crabbe's death in 1351/2, Stephen Shawe was appointed as Constable and regular repairs took place to the domestic buildings in the inner court. Further repairs and alterations took place in 1359-60 when King John of France was held captive in the castle having been taken prisoner after the Battle of Poitiers. Sir Saier De Rochford, ancestor of the Rochford family of Stoke Rochford, "an eminent soldier in the wars of France," and High Sheriff of Lincolnshire, was allowed two shillings a day for the safekeeping of King John while at Somerton.〔Turnor, Edmund; ''Collections for the History of the Town and Soke of Grantham Containing Authentic Memoirs of Sir Isaac Newton'', William Miller (1806), p. 143〕
By 1393 the castle was reported as being defective in ''walls, gates, towers , bridges, ditches, lead roofing , tiling, boarding, glazing and ironwork'' and would need the expenditure of £100 to repair. In 1408 King Henry VI granted the castle to Sir Ralph Rochford, who was High Sheriff of Lincolnshire in that year. He was to spend £112 12s. 9d on repairs during the next three years. The works carried out included making good the roof of the ''queen's hall'', with its buttery and pantry, and repairing ''the chapel and chamber of St Christopher''. The castle was held from the King by the Dukes of Clarence from 1415 until 1478, when George, Duke of Clarence was executed. 〔"Colvin" (1963), 839. 〕The castle was allowed to fall into disrepair during this period and it suffered ''waste, dilapidation and strip'' from those who held it from the King.〔"Colvin" (1963), 839. 〕
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